Menfi tespit davas\u0131, bor\u00e7lunun hen\u00fcz borcunu \u00f6demeden a\u00e7abilece\u011fi, daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen hukuki ili\u015fkinin var olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan bir dava t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Davac\u0131n\u0131n bu davay\u0131 a\u00e7abilmesi i\u00e7in hukuki yarar\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmesi gerekmektedir. Bor\u00e7lu, her ne kadar takip hukukuna g\u00f6re bor\u00e7lu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, maddi hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan takip edilen alaca\u011f\u0131n kendisine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettirmeyi talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASININ KAPSAMI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bor\u00e7lu, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n sundu\u011fu senedin bedelsiz oldu\u011fu veya ahlaka, adaba ve kamu d\u00fczenine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek bor\u00e7lu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespitini dava edebilir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, \u0130\u0130K 89\/1 uyar\u0131nca \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kez haciz ihbarnamesi g\u00f6nderilen ki\u015fi, bor\u00e7lu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Takip konusu alaca\u011f\u0131n vadesi gelmemi\u015fse de bu alaca\u011f\u0131n takip konusu yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASINDA S\u00dcRE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Menfi tespit davas\u0131, \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup, bu davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lma s\u00fcresine dair kanunda \u00f6zel bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak, menfi tespit davas\u0131na konu olan hukuki sebebin ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in maddi hukuktaki s\u00fcreler dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer bu s\u00fcreler i\u00e7inde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmazsa, dava s\u00fcreden dolay\u0131 reddedilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASI T\u00dcRLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A. HAC\u0130Z \u0130HBARNAMES\u0130NE DAYALI MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. HAC\u0130Z \u0130HBARNAMES\u0130NE DAYALI DAVANIN SONU\u00c7LARI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B. \u0130CRA TAK\u0130B\u0130NDEN \u00d6NCE A\u00c7ILAN MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C. \u0130CRA TAK\u0130B\u0130NDEN SONRA A\u00c7ILAN MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASINDA YARGILAMA USUL\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00d6REVL\u0130 MAHKEME:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n YETK\u0130L\u0130 MAHKEME:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Menfi tespit davas\u0131nda yetki kurallar\u0131 kamu d\u00fczenine ili\u015fkin de\u011fildir. HMK m.17\u2019ye g\u00f6re, tacirler veya kamu t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri, do\u011fmu\u015f veya do\u011fabilecek bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k hakk\u0131nda, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle bir ya da birden fazla mahkemeyi yetkili k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T DAVASINDA \u0130SPAT Y\u00dcK\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Menfi tespit davas\u0131nda, HMK\u2019n\u0131n ispata ili\u015fkin genel kurallar\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir. Kural olarak ispat y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc alacakl\u0131dad\u0131r. Ancak, davac\u0131 bor\u00e7lu, hukuki ili\u015fkinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul edip, bu ili\u015fkinin ba\u015fka bir nedenle ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu iddia ederse, ispat y\u00fck\u00fc davac\u0131ya aittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASI VE N\u0130TEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu m. 72\/7\u2019ye g\u00f6re, bor\u00e7lu, kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan icra takibi devam ederken, cebri icra tehdidi alt\u0131nda \u00f6demi\u015f oldu\u011fu miktar\u0131n iadesi i\u00e7in alacakl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 istirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir. Bu durumda menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASINDA KONU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stirdat davas\u0131n\u0131n konusu, geri verilmesi istenen alacakt\u0131r. \u0130cra tehdidi alt\u0131nda \u00f6denen paran\u0131n geri istenebilmesi i\u00e7in alaca\u011f\u0131n maddi hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan talep edilebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bir borcun \u00f6denmesi veya ahlaki bir \u00f6devin yerine getirilmesi durumunda olu\u015fan zenginle\u015fme, istirdat davas\u0131yla geri istenemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASINDA S\u00dcRE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stirdat davalar\u0131nda bir y\u0131ll\u0131k dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresi hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc niteli\u011fe sahiptir ve mahkemece kendili\u011finden dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre, bor\u00e7lunun paray\u0131 icra dairesine ya da alacakl\u0131ya \u00f6dedi\u011fi tarihten itibaren ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASINDA YARGILAMA USUL\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stirdat davas\u0131, alaca\u011f\u0131n niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re hukuk mahkemelerinde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve HMK\u2019n\u0131n genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabidir. \u0130stirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in davac\u0131n\u0131n korunmaya de\u011fer bir hukuki yarar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nda, istirdat davas\u0131 i\u00e7in yer y\u00f6n\u00fcnden iki \u00f6zel yetki kural\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr: daval\u0131n\u0131n ikametg\u00e2h\u0131 mahkemesi ve icra takibinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer mahkemesi yetkilidir. Yetki kurallar\u0131 kamu d\u00fczenine ili\u015fkin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, taraflar yetki s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile ba\u015fka bir mahkemeyi de yetkili k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASINDA \u0130SPAT Y\u00dcK\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu, istirdat davalar\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fc hakk\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir h\u00fck\u00fcm i\u00e7ermedi\u011finden, bu davalar genel h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130stirdat davas\u0131nda, ispat y\u00fck\u00fc davac\u0131 \u00fczerindedir. Davac\u0131n\u0131n ispatla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu husus, takibe konu paran\u0131n \u00f6denmemesi gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MENF\u0130 TESP\u0130T VE \u0130ST\u0130RDAT DAVASI ARASINDAK\u0130 \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130cra hukukundaki dengeyi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla \u0130\u0130K\u2019da menfi tespit ve istirdat davas\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bor\u00e7lu, maddi hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bor\u00e7lu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu iki dava ile tespit ettirebilir. Menfi tespit davas\u0131 bor\u00e7 \u00f6denene kadar a\u00e7\u0131labilirken, borcun \u00f6denmesiyle birlikte istirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Bu davalar aras\u0131ndaki fark, ne zaman a\u00e7\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, konular\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirleyicidir. Menfi tespit davas\u0131 icra-ink\u00e2r tazminat\u0131 talep edilebilecekken, istirdat davas\u0131nda bu talep m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ayr\u0131ca, menfi tespit davas\u0131 kesinle\u015fmeden icraya konulamazken, istirdat davas\u0131 icraya konulabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Menfi tespit davas\u0131, istirdat davas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Menfi tespit davas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda borcun \u00f6denmesi durumunda, menfi tespit davas\u0131 istirdat davas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bor\u00e7lunun dava a\u00e7madan \u00f6nce borcunu \u00f6demi\u015f olmas\u0131 durumunda, menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. Bor\u00e7lu, menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p, davas\u0131 reddedildi\u011fi halde borcu \u00f6derse, art\u0131k istirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7amaz. Mahkemece, bor\u00e7lunun menfi tespit davas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesi durumunda, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n talep etmesi halinde bor\u00e7lunun istirdat davas\u0131 a\u00e7mamas\u0131 i\u00e7in karar verilebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Menfi tespit davas\u0131, bor\u00e7lunun hen\u00fcz borcunu \u00f6demeden a\u00e7abilece\u011fi, daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen hukuki ili\u015fkinin var olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan bir dava t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Davac\u0131n\u0131n bu davay\u0131 a\u00e7abilmesi i\u00e7in hukuki yarar\u0131n\u0131 ispat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ticaret-ve-icra-hukuku"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Haciz ihbarnamesine dayal\u0131 menfi tespit davas\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n, takip bor\u00e7lusuna ya hi\u00e7 ya da ihbarnamede belirtilen miktarda borcu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettirmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Bor\u00e7lunun, borcu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hemen tespit edilmesinde korunmaya de\u011fer bir hukuki yarar varsa, icra takibi ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, olas\u0131 bir takip tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bor\u00e7lu, icra takibinden sonra, borcunu \u00f6deyene kadar, korunmaya de\u011fer bir hukuki yarar olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla menfi tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Menfi tespit davalar\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme, Hukuk Mahkemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun ilk 4 maddesindeki h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re belirlenir. HMK 2\/1\u2019e g\u00f6re, dava konusunun de\u011ferine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin davalarda g\u00f6revli mahkeme, aksi bir d\u00fczenleme olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, asliye hukuk mahkemesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HMK m. 6\u2019ya g\u00f6re, yetkili mahkeme daval\u0131n\u0131n ikametg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesidir. \u0130cra takibinden \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131lan menfi tespit davalar\u0131nda yetkili mahkeme, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ikametg\u00e2h\u0131ndaki mahkemedir. \u0130\u0130K 72\/8\u2019e g\u00f6re, icra takibinden sonra a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar, takibi yapan icra dairesinin bulundu\u011fu yerde de a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n