{"id":1957,"date":"2026-02-19T08:22:43","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T08:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avukatsitesiwp.webboll.com\/?p=1957"},"modified":"2026-02-19T08:22:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T08:22:44","slug":"hukukumuzda-dava-acilis-sureci-ve-dilekceler-asamasi-hmk-baglaminda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drone.webboll.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/19\/hukukumuzda-dava-acilis-sureci-ve-dilekceler-asamasi-hmk-baglaminda\/","title":{"rendered":"Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK<\/em> Ba\u011flam\u0131nda)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci, bireylerin hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme yollar\u0131ndan biridir. T\u00fcrkiye’de hukuk yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usuller 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu<\/em> (HMK<\/em>)<\/strong> \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bir davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen usul i\u015flemleri bu kanuna dayanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Bu makalede, HMK<\/em> ba\u011flam\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci ve dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong> detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

2. Dava A\u00e7ma Hakk\u0131 ve Mahkemeye Ba\u015fvuru S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) Dava A\u00e7ma Hakk\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk hukuk sisteminde hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesi<\/em> ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda mahkemeye ba\u015fvurmak isteyen ki\u015fi, davac\u0131<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve dava a\u00e7arak hukuki korunma talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b) Yetkili ve G\u00f6revli Mahkemenin Belirlenmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dava a\u00e7madan \u00f6nce yetkili ve g\u00f6revli mahkemenin<\/strong> do\u011fru belirlenmesi gerekir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • G\u00f6revli Mahkeme:<\/strong> HMK m.2<\/em>\u2019ye g\u00f6re, kural olarak hukuk davalar\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme asliye hukuk mahkemeleridir<\/strong>. Ancak, \u00f6zel kanunlarla d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f konular<\/strong> i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 mahkemeler g\u00f6revlidir. (\u00d6rne\u011fin, i\u015f\u00e7i alacaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f mahkemeleri, bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131 i\u00e7in aile mahkemeleri vb.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Yetkili Mahkeme:<\/strong> Genel yetki kural\u0131na g\u00f6re davalar, daval\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesinde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r (HMK m.6)<\/em>. Ancak, baz\u0131 davalarda \u00f6zel yetki kurallar\u0131<\/strong> da s\u00f6z konusudur. (\u00d6rne\u011fin, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz davalar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi yetkilidir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    c) Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f Usul\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dava, mahkemeye sunulan dava dilek\u00e7esi ile<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r (HMK m.118)<\/em>. Dilek\u00e7enin kabul edilmesiyle birlikte tensip tutana\u011f\u0131<\/strong> d\u00fczenlenerek dava s\u00fcreci ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    3. Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    HMK<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n dilek\u00e7eler teatisi a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong>, taraflar\u0131n iddia ve savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak sunduklar\u0131 s\u00fcreci<\/strong> ifade eder. Bu a\u015fama, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki s\u0131ralama ile ilerler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    a) Dava Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rken mahkemeye sunulan ilk belge dava dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong>dir. HMK\u2019n\u0131n 119. maddesi<\/em>ne g\u00f6re dilek\u00e7ede bulunmas\u0131 gereken zorunlu unsurlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Mahkemenin ad\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Taraflar\u0131n kimlik ve adres bilgileri<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. Davac\u0131n\u0131n vekili varsa vekilin bilgileri<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. Davan\u0131n konusu ve talep edilen hukuki koruma<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    5. Olaylar\u0131n s\u0131ral\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131k anlat\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    6. Hukuki sebepler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    7. Deliller ve dayanak belgeler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    8. Sonu\u00e7 ve istem<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u00d6rne\u011fin: Bir i\u015f\u00e7i, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in i\u015fvereni aleyhine \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi\u2019ne<\/strong> ba\u015fvurdu\u011funda, dava dilek\u00e7esinde i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sona erme nedeni, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre ve alacak miktar\u0131 gibi hususlar\u0131<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      b) Cevap Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Daval\u0131, dava dilek\u00e7esinin kendisine tebli\u011f edilmesinden itibaren iki hafta i\u00e7inde<\/strong> cevap dilek\u00e7esi sunmal\u0131d\u0131r (HMK m.127)<\/em>. Cevap dilek\u00e7esinde iddialar\u0131n kabul veya reddedildi\u011fi, savunman\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuki gerek\u00e7eler ve deliller<\/strong> yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      c) Cevaba Cevap ve \u0130kinci Cevap Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Davac\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 cevaba cevap dilek\u00e7esi verebilir <\/strong>(HMK m.136).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Daval\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ikinci cevap dilek\u00e7esi sunabilir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Bu d\u00f6rt a\u015fama tamamland\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6n inceleme a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong> ba\u015flar. (HMK m.137)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n

        4. Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcrecinde S\u0131k Sorulan 10 Soru ve Cevaplar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. Dava a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in avukat tutmak zorunlu mu?<\/strong>
          Hay\u0131r. Ancak, \u00f6zellikle karma\u015f\u0131k davalarda avukat yard\u0131m\u0131 almak \u00f6nerilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Dava dilek\u00e7esinde yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi verilirse ne olur?<\/strong>
          Yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi d\u00fczeltilmezse, kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n itiraz\u0131 halinde davan\u0131n reddiyle sonu\u00e7lanabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Yetkili olmayan mahkemeye dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rsa ne olur?<\/strong>
          Mahkeme g\u00f6revsizlik veya yetkisizlik karar\u0131<\/strong> vererek davay\u0131 reddeder ya da yetkili mahkemeye g\u00f6nderir. (HMK m.20)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra davac\u0131, davas\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ebilir mi?<\/strong>
          Evet. Ancak, daval\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131 olmadan vazge\u00e7me h\u00e2linde, ayn\u0131 konuda tekrar dava a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. (HMK m.123)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra ne olur?<\/strong>
          \u00d6n inceleme duru\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve tahkikat a\u015famas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilir. (HMK m.137)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        6. Cevap dilek\u00e7esi verilmezse ne olur?<\/strong>
          Daval\u0131n\u0131n savunma hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r ve davac\u0131n\u0131n iddialar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f bir konuma d\u00fc\u015febilir. (HMK m.128)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        7. Dava harc\u0131 ve masraflar\u0131 nas\u0131l belirlenir?<\/strong>
          Davan\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re ba\u015fvuru harc\u0131, karar harc\u0131 ve tebligat giderleri<\/strong> mahkeme veznesine yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (HMK m.120)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        8. Dava s\u00fcresi ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/strong>
          Davan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte, ortalama 1-3 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        9. Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/strong>
          Genellikle 2-3 ay i\u00e7inde tamamlan\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        10. Davay\u0131 kazanan taraf t\u00fcm masraflar\u0131 geri alabilir mi?<\/strong>
          Evet, mahkeme yarg\u0131lama giderlerini haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kan tarafa y\u00fckler.<\/strong> (HMK m.326)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n

          5. Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Hukukumuzda dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci<\/strong>, dilek\u00e7elerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve sunulmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan sistematik bir prosed\u00fcre dayan\u0131r. Dava dilek\u00e7esi, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olup HMK m.119<\/em>‘a<\/strong> uygun \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00f6n inceleme ve tahkikat a\u015famalar\u0131 ile yarg\u0131lama devam eder. Yetkili ve g\u00f6revli mahkemeye do\u011fru dilek\u00e7eyle ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131, hukuki s\u00fcrecin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flemesini sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda) 1. Giri\u015f Dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci, bireylerin hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme yollar\u0131ndan biridir. T\u00fcrkiye’de hukuk yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usuller 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-usul-hukuku-ve-genel-hukuki-yazilar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda) - AV. 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